The Sound of Evolution
Nalidixic acid
Mechanism of action:
Nalidixic acid is a first-generation quinolone derivative. Nalidixic acid binds to the DNA gyrase complex, which is bacterial topoisomerase II, and prevents the enzyme from rejoining DNA strands, resulting in bacterial DNA breaks. Nalidixic acid also partially inhibits the activity of topoisomerase IV, preventing proper bacterial DNA separation and replication.
Reference(s):
1. Bow EJ et al. (1987). Selective gut decontamination with nalidixic acid or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for infection prophylaxis in neutropenic cancer patients: relationship of efficacy to antimicrobial spectrum and timing of administration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother.
2. Malik M et al. (2007). Effect of anaerobic growth on quinolone lethality with Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother.
3. Winshell EB et al. (1970). Nalidixic Acid and the Metabolism of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol.