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The Sound of Evolution
Norepinephrine
去甲腎上腺素
Mechanism of action:
Norepinephrine 是一種內源性兒茶酚胺（endogenous catecholamine）。Norepinephrine 主要透過活化腎上腺素受體（adrenergic receptors）發揮作用。Norepinephrine 能活化血管平滑肌的 α₁-腎上腺素受體，藉由 Gq 蛋白提升 IP₃/DAG 濃度，引起鈣離子內流與活化蛋白激酶 C（protein kinase C），使血管收縮。對於突觸前神經末梢的 α₂-腎上腺素受體，透過 Gi/o 蛋白抑制 cAMP 濃度，抑制 norepinephrine 的釋放（負回饋）。對於心肌的 β₁-腎上腺素受體，能由 Gs 蛋白提升 cAMP，增加心肌收縮力。
Reference(s):
1. Lachnit WG et al. (1997). Pharmacological characterization of an alpha 1A-adrenoceptor mediating contractile responses to noradrenaline in isolated caudal artery of rat. Br J Pharmacol.
2. Burt RP et al. (1996). The role of diacylglycerol and activation of protein kinase C in alpha 1A-adrenoceptor-mediated contraction to noradrenaline of rat isolated epididymal vas deferens. Br J Pharmacol.
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