A New Migration Route in the Evolution of European Hadrosauroids: The Bulgarian Land Bridge

During the Late Cretaceous, global sea levels were much higher than today. As a result, much of Europe—being relatively low-lying—was fragmented by shallow seas into a vast archipelago composed of numerous islands. Such a landscape fostered unusual ecosystems. Island environments often impose strong ecological constraints, including limited space and restricted resources. Under these conditions, large animals frequently evolve smaller body sizes as an adaptation to island life, a phenomenon known as island dwarfism.

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