The Sound of Evolution
Hydroxyzine
Mechanism of action:
Hydroxyzine is a first-generation H₁ receptor antagonist and belongs to the piperazine derivatives. Hydroxyzine blocks H₁ receptors in both the peripheral and central nervous systems, inhibiting histamine-induced vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, thereby reducing histamine-mediated allergic and itching-related reactions. Its blockade of central H₁ receptors is associated with sedation, hypnosis, and anxiolytic effects.
Reference(s):
1. Clark BG et al. (1982). Hydroxyzine-associated tardive dyskinesia. Ann Neurol.
2. Altamura AC et al. (2013). Understanding the pharmacokinetics of anxiolytic drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol.
3. Simons KJ et al. (1989). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of the H1-receptor antagonist hydroxyzine in the elderly. Clin Pharmacol Ther.