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The Sound of Evolution
Isoflurane
Mechanism of action:
Isoflurane is a halogenated ether derivative. It positively modulates GABA_A receptors and glycine receptors, increasing chloride influx and causing neuronal hyperpolarization, which reduces neuronal firing activity. Isoflurane also inhibits NMDA receptor activity and decreases presynaptic neurotransmitter release, thereby lowering the overall excitability of neural networks.
Reference(s):
1. McCracken ML et al. (2010). A transmembrane amino acid in the GABAA receptor beta2 subunit critical for the actions of alcohols and anesthetics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther.
2. Seo K et al. (2010). Genetic reduction of GABA(A) receptor gamma2 subunit expression potentiates the immobilizing action of isoflurane. Neurosci Lett.
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