The Sound of Evolution
Somatostatin
Mechanism of action:
Somatostatin is an inhibitory peptide hormone (inhibitory peptide hormone) and an endogenous neuroendocrine regulatory molecule widely distributed in the hypothalamus, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and central nervous system. Somatostatin activates somatostatin receptors, including SSTR1-SSTR5. After binding to these receptors, somatostatin activates Gi proteins, inhibits adenylyl cyclase, lowers cAMP concentration, and thereby suppresses a variety of secretion-related signaling pathways. In addition, somatostatin inhibits voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, reduces cytoplasmic calcium concentration, and directly suppresses the exocytotic secretion of peptides and hormones.
Reference(s):
1. Rai U et al. (2015). Therapeutic uses of somatostatin and its analogues: Current view and potential applications. Pharmacol Ther.
2. Hanisch E et al. (1992). Somatostatin in acute bleeding oesophageal varices. Pharmacology and rationale for use. Drugs.
3. Patel YC et al. (1999). Somatostatin and its receptor family. Front Neuroendocrinol.