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Testosterone


Mechanism of action:

Testosterone is an androgenic steroid hormone mainly secreted by Leydig cells in the testes. Testosterone is a lipid-soluble molecule that can freely cross the cell membrane and bind to the androgen receptor in the cytoplasm, forming a testosterone-androgen receptor complex. This complex then enters the nucleus and binds to androgen response elements in DNA, regulating the expression of related genes involved in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, reproductive organ development, spermatogenesis, and the maintenance of bone structure and bone density.

Reference(s):

1. Nieschlag E et al. (2019). ENDOCRINE HISTORY: The history of discovery, synthesis and development of testosterone for clinical use. Eur J Endocrinol. 


2. White CM et al. (1998). The pharmacokinetics of intravenous testosterone in elderly men with coronary artery disease. J Clin Pharmacol.

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