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Artemisinin

青蒿素
Mechanism of action:
Artemisinin 源自植物黃花蒿(Artemisia annua)。Artemisinin 作用於瘧原蟲的紅血球階段(erythrocytic stage)。瘧原蟲在紅血球內消化血紅素(hemoglobin)時釋放游離鐵離子(Fe²⁺),而 artemisinin 分子中的 -O-O-(過氧基)在 Fe²⁺ 催化下斷裂,形成高反應性的碳中心自由基(carbon-centered radicals)。這些自由基可破壞瘧原蟲的各種分子結構,最終導致瘧原蟲死亡。
Reference(s):
1. Hedrich WD et al. (2016). Insights into CYP2B6-mediated drug-drug interactions. Acta Pharm Sin B.
2. Xing J et al. (2012). Evaluation of P450 inhibition and induction by artemisinin antimalarials in human liver microsomes and primary human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos.
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