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The Sound of Evolution
Isoniazid
異煙肼
Mechanism of action:
Isoniazid 是一種異煙肼（isonicotinic acid hydrazide）衍生物。Isoniazid 進入結核菌後，由細菌自身的過氧化酶/過氧化氫酶（peroxidase/catalase）KatG 轉化為活性中間體。活性中間體會抑制 InhA 與 KasA 等酵素，阻斷黴菌酸（mycolic acid）的生成。黴菌酸是結核分枝桿菌細胞壁的重要脂質成分，對維持細胞壁的完整性與抗酸性非常重要。抑制合成會導致細菌的細胞壁受到破壞而死亡。
Reference(s):
1. Pym AS et al. (2001). Regulation of catalase-peroxidase (KatG) expression, isoniazid sensitivity and virulence by furA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Microbiol.
2. Heym B et al. (1995). Missense mutations in the catalase-peroxidase gene, katG, are associated with isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Microbiol.
3. Wilson TM et al. (1995). Effect of inhA and katG on isoniazid resistance and virulence of Mycobacterium bovis. Mol Microbiol.
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