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Nalmefene

納美芬
Mechanism of action:
Nalmefene 是一種阿片受體拮抗劑(opioid receptor antagonist)。Nalmefene 的作用特徵是強 μ-阿片受體(μ-opioid receptor)拮抗,加上 κ-、δ-阿片受體拮抗,且作用時間長。Nalmefene 拮抗 μ-阿片受體後,會使腺苷酸環化酶(adenylyl cyclase)不被抑制,cAMP 上升,鈣離子通道恢復正常開啟,突觸小泡重新釋放神經傳遞物質,興奮性傳遞恢復;鉀離子外流減少,神經元去極化(depolarization)能力恢復。Nalmefene 拮抗 κ-、δ-阿片受體的機制與上述類似,其中拮抗 κ 受體可解除其對多巴胺系統的抑制;δ 受體的拮抗則主要使其相關的 Gi/o 訊號途徑被終止。
Reference(s):
1. Paille F et al. (2014). Nalmefene: a new approach to the treatment of alcohol dependence. Subst Abuse Rehabil.
2. Glass PS et al. (1994). Comparison of potency and duration of action of nalmefene and naloxone. Anesth Analg.
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