The Sound of Evolution
Phentermine
芬特明
Mechanism of action:
Phentermine 是一種苯乙胺類（phenethylamine）衍生物，主要作用於下視丘中的神經元。Phentermine 可經正腎上腺素轉運蛋白（norepinephrine transporter）進入突觸前神經元，並進一步干擾囊泡單胺轉運蛋白 VMAT2（vesicular monoamine transporter 2）的正常功能，破壞突觸小泡內的質子梯度，使正腎上腺素（norepinephrine）自小泡洩漏至細胞質中。隨後，細胞質中的正腎上腺素經由正腎上腺素轉運蛋白的逆向運作（reverse transport）釋放至突觸間隙，活化與食慾抑制相關的神經迴路。
Reference(s):
1. Ryder JR et al. (2017). Effect of phentermine on weight reduction in a pediatric weight management clinic. Int J Obes (Lond).
2. Kiortsis DN et al. (2013). A review of the metabolic effects of controlled-release Phentermine/Topiramate. Hormones (Athens).
3. Garvey WT et al. (2013). Phentermine and topiramate extended-release: a new treatment for obesity and its role in a complications-centric approach to obesity medical management. Expert Opin Drug Saf.