Propoxyphene

普帕西芬
Mechanism of action:
Propoxyphene 是一種鴉片類藥物(opioid),屬於二苯基丙胺類(diphenylpropylamine)衍生物。Propoxyphene 對於 μ-阿片受體(μ-opioid receptor)有弱促效作用,能夠過 Gi/o 蛋白偶聯,抑制腺苷酸環化酶(adenylyl cyclase),降低 cAMP,抑制突觸前的電壓門控鈣離子通道(voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channel),阻止鈣離子內流,減少麩胺酸(glutamate)、P 物質(substance P) 等疼痛相關神經傳導物質的釋放;同時,活化突觸後的鉀離子通道(K⁺ channel),促進鉀離子外流,導致神經元超極化(hyperpolarization)。Propoxyphene 存在顯著的心臟電生理毒性,會阻斷心肌鈉離子通道,導致 QRS 延長和 QT 延長。
Reference(s):
1. Coda BA et al. (2003). Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Anesth Analg.
2. Ulens C et al. (1999). Norpropoxyphene-induced cardiotoxicity is associated with changes in ion-selectivity and gating of HERG currents. Cardiovasc Res.
3. Tyers MB et al. (1980). A classification of opiate receptors that mediate antinociception in animals. Br J Pharmacol.
