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Sildenafil

西地那非

Mechanism of action:

Sildenafil 是一種第 5 型磷酸二酯酶抑制劑（phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor）。第 5 型磷酸二酯酶（phosphodiesterase type 5）是負責分解環磷酸鳥苷（cGMP）的酵素，在陰莖海綿體與肺血管平滑肌中特別豐富。Sildenafil 可選擇性抑制此酵素，減少 cGMP 的降解。cGMP 會活化蛋白激酶 G（protein kinase G），使細胞內鈣離子濃度下降，海綿體與血管平滑肌放鬆，血流量增加。

​Reference(s):

1. Boolell M et al. (1996). Sildenafil: an orally active type 5 cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor for the treatment of penile erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 


2. Cheitlin MD et al. (1999). ACC/AHA expert consensus document. Use of sildenafil (Viagra) in patients with cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 


3. Fries R et al. (2005). Sildenafil in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon resistant to vasodilatory therapy. Circulation.

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