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Ammonium chloride

氯化銨

Mechanism of action:

Ammonium chloride 是一種酸化劑與祛痰劑。Ammonium chloride 在肝臟中被代謝為尿素,同時產生氫離子(H⁺),這些氫離子與血液中的重碳酸根(HCO₃⁻) 結合,形成碳酸(H₂CO₃) 並轉化為 CO₂ 與 H₂O 排出。這能降低血液的 pH 值,進而使尿液變酸。 此外,ammonium chloride 能刺激胃黏膜與迷走神經反射,促使支氣管腺體分泌較稀薄的黏液。

​Reference(s):

Hart PD and Young MR. (1991). Ammonium chloride, an inhibitor of phagosome-lysosome fusion in macrophages, concurrently induces phagosome-endosome fusion, and opens a novel pathway: studies of a pathogenic mycobacterium and a nonpathogenic yeast. J Exp Med.

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