The Sound of Evolution
Atenolol
阿替洛爾
Mechanism of action:
Atenolol 是一種選擇性 β₁-腎上腺素受體阻斷劑（selective β₁-adrenergic receptor blocker）。Atenolol 主要作用於心臟的 β₁ 受體，抑制腎上腺素（epinephrine）與正腎上腺素（norepinephrine）對心臟受體的刺激，使心跳速率、心肌收縮力及心輸出量降低，從而降低血壓並減少心肌耗氧量。Atenolol 也會對腎臟的鄰腎小球細胞的 β₁ 受體作用，阻斷後可減少腎素（renin）釋放，進而抑制腎素-血管張力素-醛固酮系統（RAAS），降低 RAAS 介導的血管收縮與體液滯留訊號，進一步影響血壓調控。
Reference(s):
1. January CT et al. (2019). 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm.
2. Ross DS et al. (2016). 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid.
3. Ezekowitz JA et al. (2017). 2017 comprehensive update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the management of heart failure. Can J Cardiol.