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The Sound of Evolution
Dextromethorphan
右美沙芬
Mechanism of action:
Dextromethorphan 是一種中樞性鎮咳劑（centrally acting antitussive agent），屬於美沙芬的 (S)-對映異構體，具右旋光性。Dextromethorphan 被認為可結合並活化延腦咳嗽反射弧的 σ₁ 受體，σ₁ 受體活化後可調節多種離子通道（Ca²⁺、K⁺）及神經傳導物質釋放，從而抑制咳嗽中樞神經元的興奮性，降低咳嗽反射的啟動與傳遞。
Reference(s):
1. Brooks BR et al. (2004). Treatment of pseudobulbar affect in ALS with dextromethorphan/quinidine: a randomized trial. Neurology.
2. Olney JW et al. (1989). Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs. Science.
3. Hargreaves RJ et al. (1994). Neuroprotective NMDA antagonists: the controversy over their potential for adverse effects on cortical neuronal morphology. Acta Neurochir Suppl.
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