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Echothiophate

二乙氧膦醯硫膽鹼
Mechanism of action:
Echothiophate 是一種不可逆乙醯膽鹼酯酶抑制劑(irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor),屬於有機磷化合物。Echothiophate 與乙醯膽鹼酯酶的酯化部位(esteratic site)發生共價結合,導致酵素失去活性。這使乙醯膽鹼(acetylcholine)在突觸間隙中濃度上升,作用時間延長。在眼部,乙醯膽鹼能促進虹膜括約肌(sphincter pupillae)收縮,達到縮瞳;同時刺激睫狀肌(ciliary muscle),增加房水流出,進而降低眼內壓。
Reference(s):
1. Reddy RH et al. (1982). Echothiophate iodide: its use in accommodative esotropia (high Ac/A ratio). Indian J Ophthalmol.
2. Schmidt KG et al. (2010). Lowering of IOP by echothiophate iodide in pseudophakic eyes with glaucoma. Curr Eye Res.
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