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Fentanyl

芬太尼

Mechanism of action:

Fentanyl 是一種鴉片類藥物(opioid),屬於合成 μ-阿片受體促效劑(synthetic μ-opioid receptor agonist)。Fentanyl 能活化中樞與週邊神經系統的 μ-阿片受體(μ-opioid receptor),透過 Gi/o 蛋白抑制腺苷酸環化酶(adenylyl cyclase),使 cAMP 生成下降,進而抑制突觸前的電壓門控鈣離子通道(voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channel),使鈣離子無法進入細胞內,減少麩胺酸(glutamate)、P 物質(substance P)等疼痛相關神經傳導物質釋放,降低痛覺訊號傳遞;此外也活化突觸後的鉀離子通道(potassium channel),使神經元膜電位超極化(hyperpolarization),降低神經元放電機率。

​Reference(s):

1. Van Bever WF et al. (1974). Synthetic analgesics. Synthesis and pharmacology of the diastereoisomers of N-(3-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl)-N-phenylpropanamide and N-(3-methyl-1-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl)-N-phenylpropanamide. J Med Chem. 


2. Taylor DR et al. (2007). Fentanyl buccal tablet: rapid relief from breakthrough pain. Expert Opin Pharmacother.

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