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Galantamine

加蘭他敏
Mechanism of action:
Galantamine 是一種乙醯膽鹼酯酶抑制劑(acetylcholinesterase inhibitor),同時也是菸鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體的正向異位調節劑(positive allosteric modulator of nicotinic ACh receptors)。Galantamine 可逆性抑制乙醯膽鹼酯酶(acetylcholinesterase),減少突觸間隙中乙醯膽鹼(acetylcholine)的分解,使乙醯膽鹼濃度上升,增強乙醯膽鹼在中樞神經的作用,特別是在大腦皮質與海馬迴。Galantamine 可作為 α4β2 與 α7 型菸鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體的正向異位調節劑,增強受體對乙醯膽鹼的反應,但本身不直接活化受體。因此可增強與記憶、注意力等認知功能相關的膽鹼能神經傳導。
Reference(s):
1. Scott LJ et al. (2000). Galantamine: a review of its use in Alzheimer's disease. Drugs.
2. Greenblatt HM et al. (1999). Structure of acetylcholinesterase complexed with (-)-galanthamine at 2.3 A resolution. FEBS Lett.
3. Lilienfeld S et al. (2002). Galantamine—a novel cholinergic drug with a unique dual mode of action for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease. CNS Drug Rev.
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