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Guanfacine

胍法辛

Mechanism of action:

Guanfacine 是一種選擇性 α₂A-腎上腺素受體促效劑（selective α₂A-adrenergic receptor agonist）。Guanfacine 對 α₂A 次型具有高度選擇性，特別作用於前額葉皮質（prefrontal cortex）和腦幹血管運動中樞的突觸後 α₂A 受體。當 guanfacine 活化 α₂A 受體後，對於前額葉皮質可調節前額葉神經網路的訊號傳遞並降低過度雜訊，增強與執行功能相關的神經活動效率；對於腦幹血管運動中樞，會透過抑制交感神經的神經元活性，抑制正腎上腺素（norepinephrine）的釋放，進而降低交感神經輸出。

​Reference(s):

1. Cruz MP et al. (2010). Guanfacine Extended-Release Tablets (Intuniv), a Nonstimulant Selective Alpha(2A)-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist For Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. P T. 


2. Kirch W et al. (1980). Elimination of guanfacine in patients with normal and impaired renal function. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 


3. Minns AB et al. (2010). Guanfacine overdose resulting in initial hypertension and subsequent delayed, persistent orthostatic hypotension. Clin Toxicol (Phila).

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