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Ivermectin

伊維菌素

Mechanism of action:

Ivermectin 是一種阿維菌素類（avermectin）衍生物。Ivermectin 會高親和力結合於寄生蟲神經與肌肉細胞膜上的麩胺酸閘門氯離子通道（glutamate-gated Cl⁻ channels），並活化。這類通道在無脊椎動物中普遍存在，人類細胞缺乏相同型式的麩胺酸閘門氯離子通道。通道被活化後，大量氯離子進入細胞內，造成細胞膜過度超極化（hyperpolarization），最終導致寄生蟲弛緩性麻痺。

​Reference(s):

1. El-Saber Batiha G et al. (2020). Avermectin derivatives, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic and toxic dosages, mechanism of action, and their biological effects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 


2. Mathachan SR et al. (2021). Current use of ivermectin in dermatology, tropical medicine, and COVID-19: an update on pharmacology, uses, proven and varied proposed mechanistic action. Indian Dermatol Online J.

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