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Levothyroxine

左旋甲狀腺素
Mechanism of action:
Levothyroxine 是一種合成甲狀腺素(synthetic thyroxine),屬於 T₄(tetraiodothyronine) 的人工製劑。Levothyroxine(T₄)進入體內後,在肝臟、腎臟與週邊組織中經去碘酶(deiodinase)轉化為三碘甲狀腺原氨酸(T₃),後者為主要活性形式。T₃ 會與細胞核內的甲狀腺素受體(thyroid hormone receptor)結合,調控多種基因的轉錄,影響基礎代謝率、蛋白質、脂質與醣類代謝、心臟收縮力與心跳速率、中樞神經與骨骼發育等。
Reference(s):
1. Uchino H et al. (2002). Transport of amino acid-related compounds mediated by L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1): insights into the mechanisms of substrate recognition. Mol Pharmacol.
2. Cheng SY et al. (2010). Molecular aspects of thyroid hormone actions. Endocr Rev.
3. Chon DA et al. (2018). Concurrent Milk Ingestion Decreases Absorption of Levothyroxine. Thyroid.
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