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Pamidronate

帕米膦酸

Mechanism of action:

Pamidronate 是一種含氮雙磷酸鹽（nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate）衍生物。Pamidronate 會選擇性結合於骨表面的羥磷灰石，特別集中在骨吸收活躍的部位。當破骨細胞（osteoclast）進行骨吸收時，pamidronate 會隨骨基質被破骨細胞吞入細胞內。Pamidronate 在破骨細胞內會抑制法尼基焦磷酸合酶（farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase），阻斷異戊二烯化（prenylation）所需的中間產物生成。當小型 GTP 結合蛋白（如 Ras、Rho、Rab）無法進行異戊二烯化（prenylation）時，破骨細胞的多種代謝會受到抑制，最終導致破骨細胞凋亡。

​Reference(s):

1. Zarychanski R et al. (2006). Osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with pamidronate therapy. Am J Hematol. 


2. Cremers S et al. (2019). Pharmacology of bisphosphonates. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 


3. Russell RG et al. (2008). Mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates: similarities and differences and their potential influence on clinical efficacy. Osteoporos Int.

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