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Promethazine

異丙嗪

Mechanism of action:

Promethazine 是一種第一代抗組織胺藥物（first-generation antihistamine），屬於啡噻𠯤類（phenothiazine derivative）衍生物。Promethazine 可阻斷中樞與週邊的 H₁ 受體，抑制組織胺引起的血管擴張、毛細血管通透性增加等。Promethazine 亦可抑制延腦的化學受體觸發區（chemoreceptor trigger zone，CTZ），降低多種刺激引發的嘔吐反射。

​Reference(s):

1. Halpern BN et al. (1948). A new synthetic anti-histamine substance derived from phenothiazine; phenergan, 3,277 R.P. Can Med Assoc J. 


2. Nakamura K et al. (1996). CYP2D6 is the principal cytochrome P450 responsible for metabolism of the histamine H1 antagonist promethazine in human liver microsomes. Pharmacogenetics.

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