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Propylthiouracil

丙硫氧嘧啶

Mechanism of action:

Propylthiouracil 是一種硫代醯胺類（thioamide）衍生物。Propylthiouracil 會抑制甲狀腺濾泡細胞（thyroid follicular cell）內的甲狀腺過氧化物酶（thyroid peroxidase，TPO），進而阻斷碘離子氧化（iodide → iodine）、碘化酪胺酸殘基、碘化酪胺酸的偶聯反應（MIT、DIT → T₃、T₄），使 T₃ 與 T₄ 的新生合成下降。Propylthiouracil 會抑制 5'-去碘酶（5’-deiodinase），減少週邊組織（如肝臟、腎臟）中 T₄ 轉換為生理活性較高的 T₃。

​Reference(s):

1. Sugawara M et al. (1999). Methimazole and propylthiouracil increase cellular thyroid peroxidase activity and thyroid peroxidase mRNA in cultured porcine thyroid follicles. Thyroid. 


2. Manzon RG et al. (2001). Variable effects of goitrogens in inducing precocious metamorphosis in sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus). J Exp Zool. 


3. Ferreira AC et al. (2003). Thyroid Ca2+/NADPH-dependent H2O2 generation is partially inhibited by propylthiouracil and methimazole. Eur J Biochem.

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