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The Sound of Evolution
Testosterone
睪酮
Mechanism of action:
Testosterone 是一種雄性類固醇激素（androgenic steroid hormone），主要由睪丸的萊迪希細胞（Leydig cell）分泌。Testosterone 為脂溶性分子，可自由穿過細胞膜，與細胞質中的雄激素受體（androgen receptor）結合，形成 testosterone-雄激素受體的複合體，隨後進入細胞合，與 DNA 上的雄性激素反應元件（androgen response elements）結合，調控相關的基因表達，包含男性第二性徵形成、生殖器官發育與精子生成、骨骼與骨密度維持等。
Reference(s):
1. Nieschlag E et al. (2019). ENDOCRINE HISTORY: The history of discovery, synthesis and development of testosterone for clinical use. Eur J Endocrinol.
2. White CM et al. (1998). The pharmacokinetics of intravenous testosterone in elderly men with coronary artery disease. J Clin Pharmacol.
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