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Timolol

噻嗎洛爾

Mechanism of action:

Timolol 是一種非選擇性 β-腎上腺素受體阻斷劑（non-selective β-adrenergic blocker）。Timolol 能阻斷眼部的睫狀體上皮的 β₂ 受體，使 cAMP 生成下降，房水分泌減少；也能阻斷心肌的 β₁ 受體，使心跳速率下降、心肌收縮力下降、心輸出量減少；對於支氣管與血管平滑肌的 β₂ 受體阻斷則會造成平滑肌收縮。

​Reference(s):

1. Nieminen T et al. (2007). Ophthalmic timolol: plasma concentration and systemic cardiopulmonary effects. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 


2. Dunn FG et al. (1981). Pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, indications, and adverse effects of timolol maleate, a nonselective beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent. Pharmacotherapy. 


3. Obel AO et al. (1983). A comparison of timolol plus hydrochlorothiazide plus amiloride and methyldopa in essential hypertension in Black Africans. Trop Geogr Med.

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