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The Sound of Evolution
Trimethoprim
甲氧苄啶
Mechanism of action:
Trimethoprim 是一種抗菌性葉酸代謝抑制劑（antifolate antibacterial agent），屬於二氨基嘧啶類（diaminopyrimidine）衍生物。Trimethoprim 會選擇性抑制細菌二氫葉酸還原酶（dihydrofolate reductase），阻止二氫葉酸（dihydrofolic acid）轉換為四氫葉酸（tetrahydrofolic acid）。這導致 DNA、RNA、蛋白質合成下降，細菌無法正常增殖。
Reference(s):
1. Brumfitt W et al. (1993). Reassessment of the rationale for the combinations of sulphonamides with diaminopyrimidines. J Chemother.
2. Brumfitt W et al. (1994). Limitations of and indications for the use of co-trimoxazole. J Chemother.
3. Bean DC et al. (2005). Resistance among Escherichia coli to sulphonamides and other antimicrobials now little used in man. J Antimicrob Chemother.
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