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Valproate

丙戊酸
Mechanism of action:
Valproate 具有多種作用機制。Valproate 能抑制 GABA 轉胺酶(GABA transaminase),減少 GABA 的分解,以及促進穀氨酸脫羧酶(glutamate decarboxylase)的活性,增加 GABA 的合成,增強 GABA 在中樞神經系統的作用。Valproate 可抑制電壓門控鈉離子通道(voltage-gated sodium channel),延長鈉離子通道的不活化狀態(inactivated state),抑制高頻重複放電。在視丘神經元中,valproate 能抑制 T 型鈣通道(T-type calcium channel),降低病理性視丘-皮質節律活動。
Reference(s):
1. Rosenberg G et al. (2007). The mechanisms of action of valproate in neuropsychiatric disorders: can we see the forest for the trees? Cell Mol Life Sci.
2. Lehrman G et al. (2005). Depletion of latent HIV-1 infection in vivo: a proof-of-concept study. Lancet.
3. Schwartz C et al. (2007). Valproic acid induces non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms in multiple myeloma cell lines. Int J Oncol.
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